资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
多地“瞄准”促消费 哪些行业会出现报复性消费?****** 中新经纬1月6日电 (孙庆阳)2022年12月份召开的中央经济工作会议提出,要把恢复和扩大消费摆在优先位置。增强消费能力,改善消费条件,创新消费场景。多渠道增加城乡居民收入,支持住房改善、新能源汽车、养老服务等消费。 多地出台政策积极促消费 近段时间,地方两会密集召开,安徽、山东多地在政府工作报告中将促消费列为2023年重点工作。广东、青海也出台了促进消费的多项政策。为何多地拼经济,重点“瞄准”促消费? 中国食品产业分析师朱丹蓬在接受中新经纬采访时表示:“投资、外贸、消费是拉动中国经济高速运行的三驾马车,在整个世界经济不确定因素较大的情况之下,外贸要实现大的增长是比较难的,而相比投资来说,最重要的还是在消费。” 当下,全国各地陆续出台促进消费的红利性政策。朱丹蓬预计,随着这些政策进一步落地,对于整个中国的消费来说有着非常大的拉动作用。 财经评论人谭浩俊进一步详细解释,由于出口受国际经济环境的影响很大,特别是欧美发达国家加大了对中国企业的限制力度,出口的难度将越来越大;这些年中国主要是靠基建投资、民生投资等来实现经济稳定增长,没有让经济出现明显下滑。 谭浩俊认为,目前,消费的潜力是最大的,具体体现在三方面:第一,消费市场在疫情影响下一直比较低迷,消费对经济增长的拉动作用一直没有发挥起来。随着疫情政策的调整,消费应当成为经济增长最重要因素之一。第二,消费活力是最容易激发出来的一项投资增长手段,疫情政策的调整对消费潜力的挖掘,形成了非常好的市场环境。因此,消费作为地方拉动经济增长的一个主要考量是完全应该的。第三,消费拉动可以出台很多具体的政策,如家电下乡、汽车下乡、鼓励汽车消费等。 从宏观经济层面来看,星图金融研究院高级研究员付一夫认为,全球经济下行压力较大下外需萎靡,需重点发力内需,而内需中消费最具弹性和潜力。特别像出行和线下类,均在疫情防控期间受到一定程度的压制。“疫情防控方案大幅调整后,对于消费市场最大的干扰因素已消除了。” 付一夫强调,客观来讲,政策调整对消费市场恢复或提振回暖起到了极大的积极促进作用,特别如旅游、餐饮、出行等;另一方面,政策特别重视促进消费,可以设想后续会在消费方面出台一系列政策。 哪些行业会出现报复性消费? 那么,各地区和行业在促进消费方面有哪些特点?哪些行业会出现报复性消费?对此,谭浩俊表示,消费在这三年受到很大压制,无论是传统消费,如餐饮、电影、娱乐,都可能出现报复性现象。 目前,海南等地的宾馆、饭店都出现了一房难订的现象,平台的订票率也非常高。谭浩俊预计,旅游消费或会成下一步消费启动的重要方面。 住房消费也有可能成为今后一段时间经济增长的重要推手。住房消费市场的低迷已持续多年,疫情得到控制后,住房消费也可能在刚需和改善性消费增加下出现反弹。 不过,谭浩俊强调,恢复的关键还要看开发商能否降价。如果2023年消费启动得好,不仅消费本身对经济增长的拉动会越来越大,同时也可以对企业的生产性投资起到非常重要的促进作用。“消费市场好→产品销售好→增加投资→扩大生产,形成良性循环。生产性投资增强,将带动就业和居民收入,进一步推动消费市场的兴旺。” 从各地促消费政策来看,手段越来越多样化。一些地方甚至针对消费场景打造手电经济、夜间经济等,以及围绕春季新年举办特色的促销活动,表现更加多样。付一夫表示,综合来看,各地的促消费政策是全方位的,在想尽办法提升消费者购物体验,这套消费组合拳还是挺漂亮的。 (中新经纬APP) 本文由中新经纬研究院原创,中新经纬版权所有,未经书面授权,任何单位及个人不得转载、摘编或以其它方式使用。 (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() ![]() 南方彩票地图 |